Elements or Principle of Administration Theory

• Division of work: This increases productivity in both technical and managerial work.
• Authority and responsibility: These are imperative for an organizational member to accomplish the organizational objectives.
• Discipline: Members of the organization should honour the objectives of the organization. They should also comply with the rules and regulations of the organization.
• Unity of command: This means taking orders from and being responsible to only one superior.
• Unity of direction: Members of the organization should jointly work toward the same goals.
• Subordination of individual interest to general interest: The interest of the organization should not become subservient to individual interests or the interest of a group of employees.
• Remuneration of personnel: This can be based on diverse factors such as time, job, piece rates, bonuses, profit-sharing or non-financial rewards.
• Centralization: Management should use an appropriate blend of both centralization and de-centralization of authority and decision making.
• Scalar chain: If two members who are on the same level of hierarchy have to work together to accomplish a project, they need not follow the hierarchy level, but can interact with each other on a 'gang plank' if acceptable to the higher officials.
• Equity: Fairness, justice and equity should prevail in the organization.
• Stability of tenure of personnel: Job security improves performance. An employee requires some time to get used to new work and do it well.
• Initiative: This should be encouraged and stimulated.
• Unity is strength: allegiance and a sense of belonging are essential for good performance.